Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc (PIVD)—also called a herniated or slipped disc—occurs when the soft inner material of…

Spinal fractures occur when one or more vertebrae—the bones of the spine—break or collapse. These injuries…

Low back pain (LBP) is a common condition associated with disability and work absenteeism worldwide. The…

Cervical spine surgery is a well-established procedure used to treat patients with nerve compression in…

Facet Joint Syndrome is a condition caused by wear and tear of the small joints located…

Extrapelvic endometriosis is a rare condition where endometrial tissue—normally found inside the uterus—grows outside the pelvic…

A dural tear is an opening or injury in the thin outer covering of the spinal cord…

Sciatica is a condition that causes radiating pain along the path of the sciatic nerve, which travels…

If spine pain becomes so severe that it disrupts daily life or is accompanied by…

Overview Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a condition characterized by the compression of the spinal cord,…